The purpose of this study was to evaluate the percentage of impacted maxillary canine and agenesis of maxillary canine from 12 to 26 years of age in the north Kerala population. Random 250 patients' orthopantomograms have been taken from the year 2015 - 2021 from the north Kerala population. The age selection was from 12 to 26 years. Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency distributive percentage of impacted maxillary canine is more when compared to agenesis of maxillary canine. Maxillary canine impaction is more prevalent than the agenesis of maxillary canine with female dominance.
KEYWORDS: Canine agenesis, Canine impaction, North Kerala population, Frequency distribution
Impaction is defined because of the failure of tooth eruption at its appropriate site within the dental arch, within its normal period of growth. After the third molar, the maxillary permanent canine is the most ordinarily impacted tooth. Canines play an important role in facial appearance, dental aesthetics, arch development, and functional occlusion.
Maxillary canine impaction is more common. Several complications may result from the impaction of teeth, including aesthetic and phonetic compromises, loss in arch length, and hurting. The potential of the maxillary canine for impactions and eruption guidance facilitated by lateral incisors are controlled by genetics.
Tooth agenesis or hypodontia is one of the foremost common anomalies of human dentition, characterized by the developmental absence of one or more teeth. The prevalence of congenital absence of permanent teeth varies from 3% to 11% among European and Asian populations. A meta-analysis done by Polder in 2004 showed that dental agenesis is sometimes 1.37 times more frequent in females than in males.
A comparison of mean age between the impacted and agenesis groups showed that there was no statistically significant difference found in the mean age (p>0.05). The distribution of gender between impacted and agenesis groups showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of gender. However, female dominance was noted in the impacted canine group.
Frequency distribution among participants:
- Impacted: 84 (30.6%)
- Agenesis: 22 (8.8%)
- Normal: 144 (57.6%)
From this present study, by accessing the orthopantomograms (OPG) of random 250 patients from 12 to 26 years of age, it has been concluded that:
- Frequency distribution among participants showed that 30.6% were having maxillary impacted canine, 8.8% had maxillary canine agenesis and 57.6% were without MCI and agenesis.
- Female dominance was noted in the MCI group with a percentage of 5%.
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