Eliminating offending pathogens from the site of infection is an effective host defense mechanism resulting in subsequent resolution of inflammation restoring tissue homeostasis. Lipoxins are endogenous proresolving mediators which also have anti-inflammatory properties. Lipoxins play a crucial role in suppressing exaggerated tissue injury and chronic inflammation. Several studies demonstrated that synthesized lipoxin analog has the ability to inhibit neutrophil recruitment and alter vascular permeability. This review explains lipoxins generation, its actions at the site of inflammation, its role in periodontal disease and how it could be used as a potential drug.
KEYWORDS: Lipoxins, Defense mechanism, Inflammation, Resolution, Endogenous, Periodontal Disease
- Levy BD, Serhan CN. Resolution and Regulation of Inflammation. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. In: Pathobiology of Human Disease: A Dynamic Encyclopedia of Disease Mechanisms. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386456-7.01811-6
- Hamberg M, Samuelsson B. Prostaglandin endoperoxides. Novel transformations of arachidonic acid in human platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974;71(9):3400–3404.
- Fierro IM, Serhan CN. Mechanisms in anti-inflammation and resolution: the role of lipoxins and aspirin-triggered lipoxins. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2001;34(5):555–566.
- Serhan CN, Hamberg M, Samuelsson B. Lipoxins: novel series of biologically active compounds formed from arachidonic acid in human leukocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984;81(17):5335–5339.
- Serhan CN, Savill J. Resolution of inflammation: the beginning programs the end. Nat Immunol. 2005;6(12):1191–1197.
- Kantarci A, Van Dyke TE. Lipoxins in chronic inflammation. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 2003;14(1):4–12.
- Chandrasekharan J, Sharma-Walia N. Lipoxins: nature's way to resolve inflammation. J Inflamm Res. 2015;8:181–192.
- Levy BD, Serhan CN. Resolution and Regulation of Inflammation. Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Schwab JM, Serhan CN. Lipoxins and new lipid mediators in the resolution of inflammation. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006;6(4):414–420.
- Van Dyke TE. The management of inflammation in periodontal disease. J Periodontol. 2008;79(8 Suppl):1601–1608.
- Stewart AG. Mediators and receptors in the resolution of inflammation: drug targeting opportunities. Br J Pharmacol. 2009;158(4):933–935.
- Chen H, Takahara M, Xie L, et al. Lipoxin A4, a potential anti-inflammatory drug targeting the skin. J Dermatol Sci. 2011;62(1):67–69.
- Serhan CN, Sheppard KA. Lipoxin formation during human neutrophil-platelet interactions. Evidence for the transformation of leukotriene A4 by platelet 12-lipoxygenase in vitro. J Clin Invest. 1990;85(3):772–780.
- Fu T, Mohan M, Brennan EP, et al. Therapeutic Potential of Lipoxin A4 in Chronic Inflammation: Focus on Cardiometabolic Disease. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci. 2020;3(1):43–55.
- Van Dyke TE, Serhan CN. Resolution of inflammation: A new paradigm for the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. J Dent Res. 2003;82:82–90.