A review of Probiotics in treating oral microbial infections

In recent years, with the threat of widespread antibiotic resistance rendering many antibiotics useless against important diseases, there is an increased necessity not only to minimise antibiotic use and develop novel nonantibiotic-based treatments, but also to raise the prole of disease prevention. There is a public appetite for new therapies that are perceived to be natural through, for example, manipulation of the resident microbiota by the ingestion of probiotic bacteria or prebiotics. There has been a shift away from treating dental diseases by targeting specic oral pathogens towards an ecological and microbial community-based approach to understand conditions, such as caries and periodontal diseases. These approaches recognise the importance of maintaining the natural balance of the resident oral microbiota and the need to carefully modulate host immune responses to the microora at a site.

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