Herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) causes oral infection in lip, tongue, buccal mucosa and alveolar rmucosa and later it causes recurrent ulcers causing mucositis around tooth structure as well as around the prosthesis. This case report elaborates how HSV-1 may cause peri implant mucositis in a healthy implant site which was placed 5 years back. A 22-year-old female patient presented in a private dental hospital for the treatment of perimplantitis with chief complaint of marginal inammation of the gingiva and vesicle formation accompanied by pain, fever, and regional lymphadenopathy. Patient was advised antibiotic and anti-inammatory medications. Two weeks after medication, the patient returned complaining of increased in severity of the symptoms with vesicle formation around her lips. Perimplant curettage was done with plastic curettes and patient advised oral hygiene instructions. A biopsy was taken for histological and direct immunoouresence examinations, which revealed the presence of herpetic origin of the lesion following which acyclovir was prescribed. After 1 week of antiviral therapy, inammation around the implant site and lips disappeared, and healthy soft tissue margin around implant was observed.
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