The increasing use of vaping, or electronic cigarettes, across various age groups has raised important questions about its effects on oral health, especially concerning periodontal disease. Periodontal disorders, including gingivitis and periodontitis, depend heavily on the balance of the oral microbial environment. Evidence is emerging that the chemical constituents of e-cigarette aerosol may disturb this delicate microbial balance, potentially worsening periodontal health. Clinical research has shown that individuals who vape experience greater clinical attachment loss compared to both non-smokers and traditional cigarette smokers, suggesting that vaping could pose distinct risks to the periodontium. Although more extensive and detailed studies are necessary to confirm these findings and clarify underlying mechanisms, current insights highlight the importance for dental professionals to remain alert and undertake further investigation. This review emphasizes the need for thorough scientific exploration to better understand how vaping influences periodontal disease and to guide clinical decisions and public health policies.
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