Cheiloscopy And Its Patterns In Comparison With ABO Blood Groups

Thangam; Saraswathi Gopal; Ram Shankar

doi:10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002

3

Authors

15

References

150

Participants

2025

Year Published

📝Abstract

📥 Received: 5th July 2025 ✅ Accepted: 2nd September 2025 📤 Published: 27th September 2025

Cheiloscopy, the study of lip prints, has emerged as a valuable tool in forensic investigations due to its uniqueness and permanence, similar to fingerprints. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of different lip print patterns among individuals with various ABO and Rh blood groups and assess any potential correlation. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 participants aged 18–45 years at Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Chennai. Lip prints were collected using cellophane tape and classified based on Tsuchihashi's system. Blood group analysis was performed, and statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test.

The results revealed that the most common blood group was O+ (38%), followed by B+ (29.3%) and A+ (18.6%). The most prevalent lip print pattern was Type I (Vertical, 31.3%), followed by Type II (Branched, 26%), and Type IV (Reticular, 16.7%). Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between lip print patterns and ABO blood groups (p = 0.145). Additionally, no significant difference was observed in lip print distribution between males and females (p = 0.629).

These findings align with previous studies, suggesting that lip prints and blood groups are independent traits. While lip prints remain a valuable forensic tool for personal identification, their correlation with blood groups lacks statistical significance. Further research with larger sample sizes and genetic analysis is recommended to explore potential biological links.

Keywords: Cheiloscopy Lip Prints Forensic Science ABO Blood Group Personal Identification Genetic Correlation Forensic Anthropology

🔖How to Cite

Thangam, Saraswathi Gopal, Ram Shankar. Cheiloscopy and its patterns in comparison with ABO blood groups. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2025;12(3). DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002

Thangam, Saraswathi Gopal, & Ram Shankar. (2025). Cheiloscopy and its patterns in comparison with ABO blood groups. Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, 12(3). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002

Thangam, et al. "Cheiloscopy and Its Patterns in Comparison with ABO Blood Groups." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, vol. 12, no. 3, 2025. DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002.

Thangam, Saraswathi Gopal, Ram Shankar. Cheiloscopy and its patterns in comparison with ABO blood groups. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2025;12(3). doi:10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002

Thangam, Saraswathi Gopal, and Ram Shankar. "Cheiloscopy and Its Patterns in Comparison with ABO Blood Groups." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras 12, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i3.002.

📚References

1

Lakshmi JB, Tejasvi MLA, Avinash A, P CH, Talwade P, Afroz MM, et al. DNA Profiling in Forensic Science: a Review. Global Medical Genetics. 2021 May 31;8(4).
2

Reddy LVK. Lip prints: An Overview in Forensic Dentistry. Journal of Advanced Oral Research. 2011 Jan;2(1):17–20.
3

Sangam MR, K P, Bokan RR, G V, Kaur A, Deka R. Distribution and Uniqueness in the Pattern of Lip Prints. Cureus [Internet]. [cited 2024 Aug 2];16(2):e53692. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10918305/
4

Choudhary A, Kesarwani P. Correlation of lip print with blood group in forensic science. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2021;25(1):206.
5

Udogadi NS, Abdullahi MK, Bukola AT, Imose OP, Esewi AD. Forensic DNA Profiling: Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat as a Prominent Marker in Crime Investigation. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;27(4):22–35.
6

Venkatesh R, David M. Cheiloscopy: An aid for personal identification. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences [Internet]. 2011;3(2):67. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296377/
7

Jeergal P, Pandit S, Desai D, Surekha R, Jeergal V. Morphological patterns of lip prints in Mangaloreans based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology [Internet]. 2016;20(2):320. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0973-029X.185896
8

Tsuchihashi Y. Studies on personal identification by means of lip prints. Forensic Science. 1974 Jan;3:233–48.
9

Sivapathasundharam B, Prakash PA, Sivakumar G. Lip prints (cheiloscopy). Indian J Dent Res. 2001;12:234–7.
10

Prabhu RV, Dinkar A, Prabhu V. A study of lip print pattern in Goan dental students – A digital approach. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2012 Oct;19(7):390–5.
11

Neethu Telagi, Mujib A, BR Spoorthi, Naik R. Cheiloscopy and its patterns in comparison with ABO blood groups. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences. 2011 Jan 1;3(2):77.
12

Vezhavendhan N, Vendhan P, Kumar GS. A study of lip prints among Pondicherry population. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences. 2012;4(2):84.
13

Sandhu H, Verma P, Padda S, Raj SS. Frequency and correlation of lip prints, fingerprints and ABO blood groups in population of Sriganganagar District, Rajasthan. Acta Medica Academica. 2018 Jan 11;46(2):105.
14

Ramadan N, Zaghloul N, Issa S. Forensic correlation of lip prints patterns and sex determination among adult Egyptians: Lip print versus lip dimension. The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology. 2023 Sep 1;23(3):15–25.
15

Imran Jawaad, Mushtaq M, Farazen Sadia Mushtaq, Imran Z, Rizwan S. Medicolegal importance of sex determination with the help of lip prints: Cheiloscopy. 2022 Dec 31;16(12):357–9.

[1] 1

Lakshmi JB, Tejasvi MLA, Avinash A, P CH, Talwade P, Afroz MM, et al. DNA Profiling in Forensic Science: a Review. Global Medical Genetics. 2021 May 31;8(4).

[2] 2

Reddy LVK. Lip prints: An Overview in Forensic Dentistry. Journal of Advanced Oral Research. 2011 Jan;2(1):17–20.

[3] 3

Sangam MR, K P, Bokan RR, G V, Kaur A, Deka R. Distribution and Uniqueness in the Pattern of Lip Prints. Cureus [Internet]. [cited 2024 Aug 2];16(2):e53692. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10918305/

[4] 4

Choudhary A, Kesarwani P. Correlation of lip print with blood group in forensic science. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2021;25(1):206.

[5] 5

Udogadi NS, Abdullahi MK, Bukola AT, Imose OP, Esewi AD. Forensic DNA Profiling: Autosomal Short Tandem Repeat as a Prominent Marker in Crime Investigation. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences. 2020;27(4):22–35.

[6] 6

Venkatesh R, David M. Cheiloscopy: An aid for personal identification. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences [Internet]. 2011;3(2):67. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3296377/

[7] 7

Jeergal P, Pandit S, Desai D, Surekha R, Jeergal V. Morphological patterns of lip prints in Mangaloreans based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology [Internet]. 2016;20(2):320. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0973-029X.185896

[8] 8

Tsuchihashi Y. Studies on personal identification by means of lip prints. Forensic Science. 1974 Jan;3:233–48.

[9] 9

Sivapathasundharam B, Prakash PA, Sivakumar G. Lip prints (cheiloscopy). Indian J Dent Res. 2001;12:234–7.

[10] 10

Prabhu RV, Dinkar A, Prabhu V. A study of lip print pattern in Goan dental students – A digital approach. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine. 2012 Oct;19(7):390–5.

[11] 11

Neethu Telagi, Mujib A, BR Spoorthi, Naik R. Cheiloscopy and its patterns in comparison with ABO blood groups. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences. 2011 Jan 1;3(2):77.

[12] 12

Vezhavendhan N, Vendhan P, Kumar GS. A study of lip prints among Pondicherry population. Journal of Forensic Dental Sciences. 2012;4(2):84.

[13] 13

Sandhu H, Verma P, Padda S, Raj SS. Frequency and correlation of lip prints, fingerprints and ABO blood groups in population of Sriganganagar District, Rajasthan. Acta Medica Academica. 2018 Jan 11;46(2):105.

[14] 14

Ramadan N, Zaghloul N, Issa S. Forensic correlation of lip prints patterns and sex determination among adult Egyptians: Lip print versus lip dimension. The Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences and Applied Toxicology. 2023 Sep 1;23(3):15–25.

[15] 15

Imran Jawaad, Mushtaq M, Farazen Sadia Mushtaq, Imran Z, Rizwan S. Medicolegal importance of sex determination with the help of lip prints: Cheiloscopy. 2022 Dec 31;16(12):357–9.