Lesions and Conditions Associated with Oral Fibrosis — A Narrative Review

K V, Sai Charan; Thondral, Ruchithra; Pravda, C

doi:10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006

3

Authors

18

References

2025

Year Published

📝Abstract

Background

Fibrosis is an abnormal accumulation of excessive connective tissue (mainly collagen) in an organ or tissue, leading to scarring and stiffening. It is a reparative response to injury, inflammation, or chronic disease.

Aim

The aim of this narrative review is to classify and discuss the lesions and conditions associated with oral fibrosis.

Methods

This narrative review was performed through an electronic search of data for the articles dealing with fibrosis, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, and fibrosis of the oral cavity other than OSMF from the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Medknow, WebMD, and IndMed.

Results

Based on our search, we were able to retrieve information from 18 articles and tabulated the classification of lesions and conditions associated with oral fibrosis.

Conclusion

Although there is increasing interest in the lesions and conditions linked to oral fibrosis, to the best of our knowledge this novel review offers a comprehensive analysis of these conditions and lesions with classification.

Keywords: Oral Fibrosis Classification OSMF Scleroderma Radiation Induced Fibrosis Fibrosis other than OSMF

🔖How to Cite

Sai Charan KV, Thondral R, Pravda C. Lesions and conditions associated with oral fibrosis — a narrative review. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2025;12(1). DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006

Sai Charan, K. V., Thondral, R., & Pravda, C. (2025). Lesions and conditions associated with oral fibrosis — a narrative review. Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006

Sai Charan K V, et al. "Lesions and Conditions Associated with Oral Fibrosis — A Narrative Review." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, vol. 12, no. 1, 2025. DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006.

Sai Charan KV, Thondral R, Pravda C. Lesions and conditions associated with oral fibrosis — a narrative review. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2025;12(1). doi:10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006

Sai Charan K V, Ruchithra Thondral, and C. Pravda. "Lesions and Conditions Associated with Oral Fibrosis — A Narrative Review." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras 12, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2025.v12.i1.006.

📚References

1
Wynn TA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. J Pathol. 2008 Jan;214(2):199–210. doi:10.1002/path.2277.
2
Chhabra AK, Sune R, Reche A. Oral submucous fibrosis: A review of the current concepts in management. Cureus. 2023 Oct 18;15(10):e47259. doi:10.7759/cureus.47259.
3
Passi D, Bhanot P, Kacker D, Chahal D, Atri M, Panwar Y. Oral submucous fibrosis: A newer proposed classification with critical updates in pathogenesis and management strategies. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul–Dec;8(2):89–94. doi:10.4103/njms.NJMS_32_17.
4
Rao NR, Villa A, More CB, Jayasinghe RD, Kerr AR, Johnson NW. Oral submucous fibrosis: A contemporary narrative review with a proposed inter-professional approach for an early diagnosis and clinical management. J Oral Pathol Med. 2020 Jan 8.
5
Kogan J. Myositis ossificans. 2024 May 25.
6
Lacout A, Jarraya M, Marcy PY, Thariat J, Carlier RY. Myositis ossificans imaging: key to successful diagnosis. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2012 Jan–Mar;22(1):35–39. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.95402.
7
Merlini G, Seldin DC, Gertz MA. Amyloidosis: pathogenesis and new therapeutic options. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Apr 11;29(14):1924–1933. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.32.2271.
8
Bustamante JG, Zaidi SRH. Amyloidosis. StatPearls. 2023 Jul 31.
9
Picken MM. The pathology of amyloidosis in classification: A review. Acta Haematol. 2020 May 11.
10
Ernste FC, Reed AM. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: current trends in pathogenesis, clinical features, and up-to-date treatment recommendations. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Jan.
11
Mandel DE, Malemud CJ, Askari AD. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A review of the classification and impact of pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 May 18.
12
Rayavarapu S, Coley W, Kinder TB, Nagaraju K. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: pathogenic mechanisms of muscle weakness. Skelet Muscle. 2013 Jun 7;3:13. doi:10.1186/2044-5040-3-13.
13
Purkayastha A, Sharma N, Sarin A, Bhatnagar S, Chakravarty N, Mukundan H, et al. Radiation fibrosis syndrome: the evergreen menace of radiation therapy. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2019 Jul–Sep.
14
Straub JM, New J, Hamilton CD, Lominska C, Shnayder Y, Thomas SM. Radiation-induced fibrosis: mechanisms and implications for therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2015 Apr 25;141(11):1985–1994. doi:10.1007/s00432-015-1974-6.
15
Pattanaik D, Brown M, Postlethwaite BC, Postlethwaite AE. Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2015 Jun 8;6:272. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00272.
16
Viswanath V, Phiske MM, Gopalani VV. Systemic sclerosis: current concepts in pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of dermatological manifestations. Indian J Dermatol. 2013. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.113930.
17
Asano Y. The pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: An understanding based on a common pathogenic cascade across multiple organs and additional organ-specific pathologies. J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 19.
18
Ramia P, Bodgi L, Mahmoud D, Mohammad MA, Youssef B, Kopek N, et al. Radiation-induced fibrosis in patients with head and neck cancer: A review of pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2022 Jan 30. doi:10.1177/11795549211036898.

[1] 1
Wynn TA. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis. J Pathol. 2008 Jan;214(2):199–210. doi:10.1002/path.2277.

[2] 2
Chhabra AK, Sune R, Reche A. Oral submucous fibrosis: A review of the current concepts in management. Cureus. 2023 Oct 18;15(10):e47259. doi:10.7759/cureus.47259.

[3] 3
Passi D, Bhanot P, Kacker D, Chahal D, Atri M, Panwar Y. Oral submucous fibrosis: A newer proposed classification with critical updates in pathogenesis and management strategies. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2017 Jul–Dec;8(2):89–94. doi:10.4103/njms.NJMS_32_17.

[4] 4
Rao NR, Villa A, More CB, Jayasinghe RD, Kerr AR, Johnson NW. Oral submucous fibrosis: A contemporary narrative review with a proposed inter-professional approach for an early diagnosis and clinical management. J Oral Pathol Med. 2020 Jan 8.

[5] 5
Kogan J. Myositis ossificans. 2024 May 25.

[6] 6
Lacout A, Jarraya M, Marcy PY, Thariat J, Carlier RY. Myositis ossificans imaging: key to successful diagnosis. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2012 Jan–Mar;22(1):35–39. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.95402.

[7] 7
Merlini G, Seldin DC, Gertz MA. Amyloidosis: pathogenesis and new therapeutic options. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Apr 11;29(14):1924–1933. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.32.2271.

[8] 8
Bustamante JG, Zaidi SRH. Amyloidosis. StatPearls. 2023 Jul 31.

[9] 9
Picken MM. The pathology of amyloidosis in classification: A review. Acta Haematol. 2020 May 11.

[10] 10
Ernste FC, Reed AM. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: current trends in pathogenesis, clinical features, and up-to-date treatment recommendations. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Jan.

[11] 11
Mandel DE, Malemud CJ, Askari AD. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: A review of the classification and impact of pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017 May 18.

[12] 12
Rayavarapu S, Coley W, Kinder TB, Nagaraju K. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: pathogenic mechanisms of muscle weakness. Skelet Muscle. 2013 Jun 7;3:13. doi:10.1186/2044-5040-3-13.

[13] 13
Purkayastha A, Sharma N, Sarin A, Bhatnagar S, Chakravarty N, Mukundan H, et al. Radiation fibrosis syndrome: the evergreen menace of radiation therapy. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2019 Jul–Sep.

[14] 14
Straub JM, New J, Hamilton CD, Lominska C, Shnayder Y, Thomas SM. Radiation-induced fibrosis: mechanisms and implications for therapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2015 Apr 25;141(11):1985–1994. doi:10.1007/s00432-015-1974-6.

[15] 15
Pattanaik D, Brown M, Postlethwaite BC, Postlethwaite AE. Pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Front Immunol. 2015 Jun 8;6:272. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2015.00272.

[16] 16
Viswanath V, Phiske MM, Gopalani VV. Systemic sclerosis: current concepts in pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects of dermatological manifestations. Indian J Dermatol. 2013. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.113930.

[17] 17
Asano Y. The pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: An understanding based on a common pathogenic cascade across multiple organs and additional organ-specific pathologies. J Clin Med. 2020 Aug 19.

[18] 18
Ramia P, Bodgi L, Mahmoud D, Mohammad MA, Youssef B, Kopek N, et al. Radiation-induced fibrosis in patients with head and neck cancer: A review of pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2022 Jan 30. doi:10.1177/11795549211036898.