5
Authors
24
References
2024
Year Published
Abstract
Pregnancy (gravida) and periodontitis have long been recognized as interrelated conditions. Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy alter gingival vascularity, immune response, and subgingival microflora, leading to pregnancy gingivitis and, in susceptible individuals, periodontitis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the clinical and microscopic features of gingival changes during pregnancy, the pathogenic mechanisms linking periodontal disease to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm low birth weight, preeclampsia, and pregnancy tumors, and the etiological factors including subgingival plaque composition, maternal immunosuppression, and sex hormone alterations. Management strategies encompassing plaque control, appropriate prescribing, and safe dental treatment windows are discussed. The review underscores the importance of periodontal assessment and treatment before and during pregnancy to safeguard both maternal and fetal health.
Keywords: Gravida, Periodontitis, Pregnancy gingivitis, Preterm birth, Adverse pregnancy outcomes, Periodontal management
Received: 04 October 2024 | Accepted: 25 November 2024 | Published: 30 November 2024
How to Cite
Melath A, Arjun, Bhuvaneswari, Irfana, Firoz J. Gravida and Periodontitis: An Overview. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2023;11(4). DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2023.v11.i4.002
Melath, A., Arjun, Bhuvaneswari, Irfana, & Firoz, J. (2023). Gravida and Periodontitis: An Overview. Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2023.v11.i4.002
Melath, Anil, et al. "Gravida and Periodontitis: An Overview." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras, vol. 11, no. 4, 2023. DOI: 10.37841/jidam.2023.v11.i4.002.
Melath A, Arjun, Bhuvaneswari, Irfana, Firoz J. Gravida and Periodontitis: An Overview. J Indian Dent Assoc Madras. 2023;11(4). doi:10.37841/jidam.2023.v11.i4.002
Melath, Anil, Arjun, Bhuvaneswari, Irfana, and Jamaima Firoz. "Gravida and Periodontitis: An Overview." Journal of Indian Dental Association Madras 11, no. 4 (2023). https://doi.org/10.37841/jidam.2023.v11.i4.002.
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